Foiano draws its origins by an ancient medieval castle leant on a tuff hill. The valley at the slopes of the hill was full of woods and game but not yet marshy between the 6th and 5th centuries before Christ. A small and slow river, the Clanis, passed through it from the Northern segment of Arno river and throwing itself on the Tevere River near Orvieto.
Further to hydro-geological changes the valley started getting marshy ever since the 7th – 8 th  century after Christ and the hill remained surrounded by marshy land on three sides.
In the first Millennium after Christ existed Campus Fugianus that Lotario 1st, the Western Emperor, stated it had belonged to the Church jurisdiction of Arezzo.
Thus Foiano became one of the most valid defensive points around Arezzo, being the Castle placed to the Southern side. In 1327 Pier Saccone Tarlati follows the Arezzo Bishop Guido as the leader of Arezzo; further to the Peace Treats signed with Firenze and Perugia he has to renounce just to the Castle of Foiano, given to that last town for the duration of 8 years.
1383 is the year that signs the end passage of submission to the Republic of Firenze. In 1436 the small Commune of Villa del Pozzo is overcome and passes under the Commune of Foiano.
In 1452, after 43 days of siege, the inhabitants of the Castle of Foiano surrender to the troups of the King of Napoli Alfonso d’Aragona.
In 1453 Firenze conquered Foiano again by destroying nearly the whole Castle. After 1500 Foiano passed under the Granduchy of Toscana and that remained until the second half of the 1860.
Foiano was reachable by a road for only one side, as for the rest the inhabitants had to use the water means to move themselves and the goods. In 1502 Leonardo da Vinci, at the service of Cesare Borgia, reached Foiano, where he studied the Chiana Valley geo-morphology for its reclamation (drawing 12682r) and then draw the beautiful map of that valley (f12278r).
In 1525 the Magistracy of the Castle of Foiano signed the paper for the “Contracto di Donatione et Concessione della disseccatione delle Chiane” (Contract of giving and concession of the reclamation of the Chiana area).
Thus the community of Foiano was the first to give the lands of Valdichiana to Medicis for the reclamation.
In 1530 the Lansquenet reach the Chiana Valley directed to Firenze to sack it and bring the Medicis back to power, by definitely destroying the Castle of Foiano. In 1554, during the War of Siena between hispanic-florentine people and franco-senese people led by Piero Strozzi, the Castle of Foiano is destroyed by cannons and by the bursting of the inner powder magazine.
As far as the wine production is concerned Foiano is in the middle between the White wine DOC “Valdichiana” (old Biancovergine), the DOCG Chianti Colli Senesi, the DOCG Chianti Colli Aretini and the DOC “Cortona”.
In the last period the Wine Road – Terre di Arezzo Association are doing their best  to create itineraries and promote that land that extends along a route of about 200 km thus creating an important economic growth for domain actors.
The quoted wine marries well with all the local flavours, by the Florentine Steak to Tagliata Steak from Chianina breed meat up to the tasty and rich first dishes.